Reference

Rug types

How a rug was made determines how it must be cleaned. Twelve traditions, what distinguishes each, and the care each one needs.

Antique Persian rug with an all-over herati design on a wood floor

Persian

Hand-knotted in Iran. Highest knot densities, natural dyes.Pale blue and cream hand-knotted rug hanging over a drying rack

Oriental

The broad family — Turkey through China.Antique Oushak rug with large-scale palmettes on a soft green field

Turkish

Double-knotted, bold geometry, prayer designs.Geometric tribal rug in madder red and indigo hanging on a rack

Caucasian

Angular tribal medallions, strong colour.

Kilim

Flatwoven, no pile, reversible.

Tribal

Village and nomadic weaving, irregular by design.Red Bokhara rug with rows of octagonal guls, hanging after washing

Afghan

Turkmen guls, deep reds, heavy wool.

Chinese

Open fields, carved pile, silk and wool.

Indian

Wide range, from fine Agra to modern production.

Navajo

Weft-faced, no knots, banded construction.Antique Persian city rug showing dense floral field and central medallion

Antique

Over 80 years old. Fragile foundations.

Contemporary

Modern production, mixed and synthetic fibres.
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